Save websites before they disappear with the Browsertrix Crawler tool

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Last updated on September 14th, 2024 at 10:07 pm

The month of September marks the beginning of a year’s work and also the end of many websites that are hopelessly lost. Remodelled or shut down without making a good copy of their content, this is how historic websites are lost unnecessarily.

There are tools that allow websites to be saved immediately by the organisations that manage them. In addition, there is the on-demand archiving service for high-quality websites that Arquivo.pt provides to partner organisations or in occasional collaborations.

This article aims to highlight the Browsertrix Crawler used by Arquivo.pt, without excluding other tools, which can be useful to information managers and IT departments.

Use of Browsertrix-crawler by Arquivo.pt for high-quality collections

Browsertrix Crawler is a tool that lets you record entire websites and lists of web pages automatically and in a format compatible with web archives.

Arquivo.pt uses the Browsertrix Crawler to make high-quality site collections (RAQs) on-demand of the community. For example, when a site is about to be shut down, when it’s going to undergo remodelling or, periodically, to maintain a good history of a particular site.

An illustrative case is the Almada City Council website, recorded in April 2021 at the request of the Municipal Archive. Another case is the website of the newspaper Notícias de Leiria, which was recorded before its closure in December 2023.

Requests for high-quality collections (RAQs) to Arquivo.pt are increasingly frequent: 77 requests from January to September 2024. This is a sign that there is greater concern about the preservation of web content.

What you need to use Browsertrix-crawler locally

The group that developed the Browsertrix Crawler, Webrecorder.net, led by Ilya Kreymer, has the motto ‘web archiving for all’. Its tools make it possible to record the Internet in a decentralised way and on a small scale.

The Browsertrix Crawler is available and can be installed on your computer for small collections.

The basic version of Browsertrix that Arquivo.pt is using requires basic command line knowledge, which is the only barrier for non-experts.

From Arquivo.pt’s own experience, using the Browsertrix Crawler is easy in multidisciplinary teams, where there is always someone with minimal knowledge to use Linux commands and provide occasional support.

Demonstration of recording entire websites on your own computer

To promote the preservation of sites in Web archive format, Arquivo.pt presents a use case for the Browsertrix Crawler. It’s useful for anyone who wants to deepen their knowledge and practice of saving sites in a local environment.

Other tools used by Arquivo.pt to record content

Brozzler: a tool for improving the history of daily and monthly collection sites

Brozzler is a similar tool to Browsertrix Crawler in that it also bases its recording on a browser. It is used and maintained by the Internet Archive.

Arquivo.pt has been using Brozzler since at least 2018 to record web pages with interactive content present on the web pages and for high-quality collections (RAQs).

Lists of up to 200 sites are successfully recorded by Brozzler. For example, the 125 daily collection sites (FAWP) are recorded with Brozzler at the beginning of each month.During the month, another list of 75 monthly collection sites (MAWP) is recorded using Brozzler.

At the end of 2023, Arquivo.pt compared Brozzler and Browsertrix Crawler and chose to keep these two tools.

Heritrix, pywb and ArchiveWeb.page: tools for thousands of sites or one page

The Heritrix crawler is Arquivo.pt’s main recording tool. It is used on huge lists of websites, such as the .PT domain sites, to which other Portuguese sites are added, totalling  more than half a million.

On the opposite side is the ArchiveWeb.page extension, which Arquivo.pt uses for short page-by-page recordings and also for the Web archiving: do-it-yourself! training course.

To complete the list of recording tools used by Arquivo.pt, mention should be made of pywb, which comes into play, for example, when an Arquivo.pt user uses the ‘Complete the page’ functionality or the SavePageNow service.

IPL – Politécnico de Lisboa organised a series of webinars with Arquivo.pt

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IPL – Politécnico de Lisboa, through its Distance Learning Group (EaD@IPL), organised a series of webinars for its community dedicated to Arquivo.pt and the preservation of content published on the Internet.

This initiative was attended by IPL – Politécnico de Lisboa lecturers and researchers, as well as people linked to the institution’s communications department.

The cycle of webinars took place in three sessions, between May and July 2024, and followed the training programme that Arquivo.pt has been offering for several years.

Presentation materials

Why training on web preservation is important

Archiving content published on the web and using a web archive on a day-to-day basis is an unusual practice, largely due to the community’s lack of knowledge about the existence and operation of Arquivo.pt.

For example, in this cycle of webinars with the IPL – Politécnico de Lisboa, participants were given tools that allow them to use the web archive immediately and creatively, such as the SavePageNow service, the historical content search service and, for use in interdisciplinary teams, Application Programming Interfaces (APIs).

As a result of this series of webinars, the collaboration between the IPL – Politécnico de Lisboa and Arquivo.pt was strengthened, with a view to preserving its institutional websites and other interesting content that is available on various online media (news, events, references to teachers, researchers and students).

Exhibition of old websites to mark International Museum Day

Heritales Crowd-Recycling e Arquivo.pt no Dia Internacional dos Museus

May 18, International Museum Day, was celebrated all over the country with free admission, guided tours, entertainment and exhibitions related to memory and heritage.

Arquivo.pt contributed with an exhibition of old web pages, entitled “Digital Memory through the Internet of the Past”, which was on display at one of the stands at the National Coach Museum in Lisbon.

The pages were selected to show different aspects of the Alentejo over time. From 2016, pages relating to the Heritales project were selected.

Heritales and Crowd-Recycling drew attention to the preservation of the Internet’s memory

Heritales is a project based in Évora that aims to study and disseminate heritage in all its manifestations. It is known for its main event created in 2016, HERITALES – International Heritage Film Festival.

Crowd-Recycling is a project focused on good practices for sustainability.

Heritales, Crowd-Recycling and Arquivo.pt carried out this action in collaboration with the aim of giving visibility to content published on the web over time. Preserving and giving access to digital content is fundamental to enhancing heritage.

Why an exhibition of old websites is a good idea

Making an exhibition of websites over time is relatively easy, all you have to do is come up with a theme, which can also be the history of an institution, and choose pages preserved on Arquivo.pt.

An exhibition of old websites is an original idea for the target audience. It often features texts and images that only existed on the web.

By drawing attention to the websites, we realize that many things were left unrecorded and this changes our view of the content we publish today. We start taking more care to save important pages, for example by taking action or saving them on the spot with SavePageNow.

Heritales Crowd-Recycling e Arquivo.pt no Dia Internacional dos Museus
Heritales, Crowd-Recycling and Arquivo.pt on International Museum Day at the National Coach Museum

World Internet Day was on May 17th

The day before International Museum Day was World Internet Day (May 17). The proximity of the two commemorations ties in with the theme of preserving memory.

Portugal connected to the Internet for the first time in 1991, with the FCCN project “RCCN IP Service”.

To remember how it all happened, here are the three suggestions that FCCN published on social media for this day:

Commemoration of the 50th anniversary of April 25 – the Portuguese revolution of 1974

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Arquivo.pt joined the celebrations of the 50th anniversary of April 25, the Portuguese Revolution of 1974, as part of the initiatives promoted by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) in partnership with the Estrutura de Missão – Comissão Comemorativa 50 anos 25 de Abril.

The initiatives were as follows: a journey through time, a special collection on the theme “Abril 25”, a presentation at the “50 years of April International Congress” and the inclusion of a special mention in the 2025 edition of the Arquivo.pt Award.

Memories of April 25 on the Internet exhibition

The exhibition Memories of April 25 on the Internet presents a selection of web pages about the celebrations of April 25 in various regions of the country, since the beginning of the web in the 1990s.

The criteria for choosing the pages for the exhibition were as follows:

  • Pages relating to the April 25 commemorations;
  • Pages found on Arquivo.pt on dates close to the anniversary each year;
  • Diversity to include different areas of the country;
  • Popular demonstrations and official ceremonies.

A historical memory without web archives is incomplete. The aim of this journey through time is to invite citizens to travel back in time, browsing through old web pages and reliving recent episodes in our life as a democracy.

See the exhibiton: arquivo.pt/50anos25abril

Special collection on April 25 – the Portuguese Revolution of 1974

To mark the anniversary, Arquivo.pt carried out a special collection on the topic of “April 25” and made the results available in an open dataset, published on the Dados.gov portal.

The dataset contains a list of keywords put into a search engine in order to obtain results on the topic of “April 25”. The search considered names of people, places, political, social and cultural aspects, as well as words associated with the event.

The searches were carried out on March 22, 2024 using the Bing Search API, an automatic search service that returns results according to the relevance criteria of the Bing service itself and others configured by us.

A total of 12,650 unique web page addresses were obtained. It is hoped that the recording of these pages will be useful for the organizations that produced this content, for researchers who want to study our history and for citizens who cultivate a sense of memory and democracy.

Participation in the 50 years of April International Congress

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João Gomes, Director of Advanced Services, FCCN-FCT presenting the Arquivo.pt Memorial service at the 50 years of April International Congress

On May 2, 2024, João Gomes, Director of Advanced Services at the FCCN Scientific Computing Unit of the Foundation for Science and Technology I.P., presented Arquivo.pt to the participants of the 50 years of April International Congress, as a distinctive service, open to citizens and useful for organizations.

This event, organized by the Estrutura de Missão – Comissão Comemorativa 50 anos 25 de Abril and the University of Lisbon, included a presentation of two FCT services for citizens: Arquivo.pt and NAU’s massive online open courses.

Arquivo.pt is a web preservation service available to all citizens who want to search for old content published on the web.

Using Arquivo.pt contributes to a better understanding of our history. It also provides useful services for cybersecurity, such as the Arquivo.pt Memorial, which is able to maintain institutions’ old websites, preventing attacks and saving them resources.

Special mention for “April 25 and Democracy” at the Arquivo.pt Awards 2025

The Arquivo.pt Award is held annually and honors works that use Arquivo.pt.

In 2025, as part of the celebrations for the 50th anniversary of April 25, a special mention will be made of work on the theme “April 25 and Democracy”.

We therefore challenge researchers and interested citizens to create innovative works using Arquivo.pt.

If you have any questions about the Arquivo.pt Award, please contact us.

Training about web archiving in Madeira island

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Last updated on May 8th, 2024 at 07:31 pm

The Arquivo.pt team was in Funchal between April 15 and 19, 2024, and presented two different sessions on web preservation. The first took place during the Jornadas FCCN 2024 and the second was a workshop, after the event had ended, at the headquarters of the Regional Agency for the Development of Research, Technology and Innovation (ARDITI).

Arquivo.pt at Jornadas FCCN 2024

The session held during the Jornadas FCCN 2024 was entitled “Arquivo.pt at the service of culture” and aimed to highlight two of Arquivo.pt’s collaborations in the field of culture and knowledge, namely with Wikipedia Portugal and the Virtual Museum of Tourism (MUVITUR).

At the FCCN Zapping session, Arquivo.pt presented the Arquivo404 service, which allows websites to offer historical content instead of the negative “Page not found”.

Workshop with ARDITI

The post-Day Workshop, promoted by ARDITI, was open to regional institutions and citizens in general. It was entitled “Arquivo.pt and the preservation of Internet memory”.

The contents were structured according to the training program run by Arquivo.pt and preceded by a framework between the other services of the FCCN – FCCN – Computação Científica da FCT.

Just as important as the content was the dialog that was established during the sessions between the participants and the Arquivo.pt team to clarify doubts or ask questions.

Web preservation is increasingly important for organizations that want to preserve part of their institutional memory and develop security policies.

ARDITI gave an important signal about preserving the web memory of Madeiran institutions by hosting and promoting the Arquivo.pt training sessions.

If you want to promote the preservation of web content in your organization, check out the Arquivo.pt training and contact us.

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Artificial Intelligence processes data from Arquivo.pt

Artificial Intelligence AI

Last updated on July 16th, 2024 at 08:33 am

Artificial Intelligence (AI), covers various areas of knowledge, such as linguistics and computing, and is present in the new technologies used by citizens on a daily basis.

For example, when we search for information on the Internet and the computer generates an amazingly accurate response, in a language very close to our own.

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is what allows machines to perfect the algorithm that generates these answers tailored to Internet users.

The problem is that natural language processing models have been developed more for the English language and less for Portuguese and other languages with less representation.

The more the processing models are trained on a language, the better they will be able to interpret the complexities of the language. But this is only possible if quality data is available.

Portuguese text collection on Arquivo.pt available for research

Arquivo.pt appears here as the largest Portuguese-language textual dataset in Portugal, available in open access, for researchers to train NLP models.

In recent years, researchers from various research groups and projects have drawn attention to the usefulness of preserved web data for large-scale processing.

Arquivo.pt has more than 1 Petabyte of preserved web content dating back to the 1990s, including everything that can be found on web pages. It’s not just text, but also images, audio files, video, page code and various metadata.

The content is accessible via the search interface and the Arquivo.pt APIs.

In order to make it easier to download archived resources from the web, Arquivo.pt has created indexes for researchers in CDXJ format.

GlórIA, a model for the Portuguese language

One of the projects that used Arquivo.pt to obtain large amounts of text is called GlórIA and is a large-scale language model (LLM) focused on the European Portuguese language.

“Despite the abundance of LLMs for many high-resource languages, the availability of such models remains limited for European Portuguese” as the authors of GlórIA project, Ricardo Lopes, João Magalhães, David Semedo, researchers at the NOVA School of Science and Technology, explain in their article GlórIA – A Generative and Open Large Language Model for Portuguese.

The model used 35 billion tokens, or expressions that machines can process, from various sources.

Arquivo.pt contributed a collection of 1.4M European Portuguese archived news and periodicals.

You can try generating text in European Portuguese using the GlórIA API inference on the Hugging Face Model card.

If you want to develop a project or study using Arquivo.pt, you can start your research and, if you need help, contact us.

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Arquivo.pt in the top 3 of government services in Portugal

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Last updated on August 6th, 2024 at 05:32 pm

Arquivo.pt, Portugal’s national web preservation service, has earned a prominent position by being named one of the top 3 government services in the 2023 Portugal Digital Awards. This recognition is testimony to the crucial role played by Arquivo.pt in the preservation and accessibility of Portugal’s digital heritage.

The three finalists in the category Best Government Project (best digital transformation project in the public administration sector) were Arquivo.pt, the Porto Digital Association and Banco de Portugal, which received the winning award.

Mission and recognition

Arquivo.pt, developed by the FCCN – National Scientific Computing , stands out as an innovative initiative in the field of digital preservation. Its mission is to collect and archive web content, allowing users to access past versions of web pages, documents and other online resources.

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The recognition at the Portugal Digital Awards highlights not only the importance of digital preservation, but also the effectiveness and relevance of Arquivo.pt as a government service. By providing a journey through time via the Internet, this resource becomes a valuable tool for researchers, academics and the general public.

Commitment to digital preservation

Participation in the award underlines Arquivo.pt’s commitment to improving the historical record of the evolution of the Web in Portugal. This service not only contributes to the country’s digital memory, but also facilitates research, promoting understanding of digital evolution over time.

In addition, Arquivo.pt’s distinction reflects FCCN’s ongoing effort to develop and improve innovative services that benefit society. Digital preservation is a crucial component in ensuring that Portugal’s digital heritage is passed on to future generations, and Arquivo.pt fulfills this role in a unique way.

In conclusion, recognition in the Portugal Digital Awards 2023, a competition that received over 300 candidate services, solidifies Arquivo.pt’s position as one of the leading government services at the forefront of digital preservation. This achievement highlights the growing importance of digital preservation in the digital age in which we live.

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Arquivo.pt reaches 1 PetaByte of preserved information!

The collection of 1 PetaByte of content predominantly in Portuguese, accessible to both researchers and ordinary citizens, is a milestone that deserves to be celebrated, in the month of its 16th anniversary.

At Arquivo.pt you can search for information published on the Web in the past, such as:

Discover more pages through the selected pages in the Arquivo.pt Online Exhibitions.

The first European page
News from The New York Times in 2008
European Film Awards 2014

Purpose and mission of the Portuguese Web Archive

Arquivo.pt was created on November 8, 2007 with the aim of preserving content from the Portuguese Web.

In 2013, as a service operated by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), its mission was formulated as follows: “To promote the preservation of content available on the national Internet, ensuring that it is made available to the scientific community and the general public” (Decreto-Lei no. 55/2013).

In recent years, Arquivo.pt has created new services, such as CitationSaver, which allows researchers to record references to web content in their scientific articles, Memorial and Complete page, which facilitate access to content scattered throughout the huge 1 PetaByte block of data.

Where did so much information come from?

In order to reach the 1 PetaByte volume, Arquivo.pt periodically recorded content from websites in the .PT domain and from Portuguese websites in other domains.

In addition, frequent daily and monthly collections were made from a small number of government sites and the main news sites in Portugal.

As part of international collaborations, content was collected from sites in various languages, for example on the 2019 European Elections.

Content prior to 2008 came from the Internet Archive and donations, such as a collection made by the National Library and INESC on the 2005 Legislative Elections.

The largest Portuguese-language dataset available to researchers

By making 1 PetaByte of information available, in open access and through the use of APIs (Application Programming Interfaces), Arquivo.pt is a useful tool for research.

For example, a researcher who wants to do a study on elections in Portugal can use the entire Arquivo.pt collection. Better still, they can focus on just a few special collections dedicated to the elections, choosing the ones that interest them and downloading just a few Terabytes to process automatically with the APIs.

Contributions from the various teams and friends of Arquivo.pt

The development of Arquivo.pt is more than a technological issue and has been due to the dedication and persistence of the various teams that have worked on it since 2007.

It was also due to the contribution of many friends of Arquivo.pt, who were always on hand to help improve, and to the response of the user community.

Congratulations to all! Thank you.

Meet the winners of the Arquivo.pt Award 2023!

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Last updated on August 6th, 2024 at 05:16 pm

The winners of the Arquivo.pt Award 2023 were announced by the Público newspaper, the official communication partner of this edition, on 26 June.

40 applications were received.

The award ceremony tooke place during the closing session of the Encontro Ciência (Portuguese Science Summit), on July 7, at Aveiro University.

1st place – “Viajar no tempo sobre carris”

The winner of the 10 000 euro prize was the work “Viajar no tempo sobre carris” (Travelling through time on rails) developed by Antero Pires, Carlos Cipriano, Diogo Ferreira Nunes and Ruben Martins.

Viajar no tempo sobre carris” is an online platform that analyses and presents the evolution of train travel times in Portugal, based on timetables preserved in Arquivo.pt.

For example, it allows you to see the duration of the journey Lisbon-Oporto on the Alfa Pendular since the year 2000.

2nd place – “Representatividade das mulheres artistas na imprensa nacional”

The 2nd prize of 3 000 euros was awarded to the work “Representatividade das mulheres artistas na imprensa nacional” (Representativeness of women artists in the national press), by Cláudia Sevivas and Miguel Boavida.

This work resulted in the website Existo that provides information on Portuguese artists, referring to the web pages in which they were mentioned over time. The work is based on an analysis of their representation and visibility that allows several readings.

For example, we can find information about the artist Joana Vasconcelos, news about other artists in a certain year or even get a graphic visualization of women artists compared to men.

3rd place – “Memória Política

The 3rd prize of 2 000 euros was awarded to the work “Memória Política”, (Political Memory) developed by Miguel Lopes, Maria Carneiro and João Andrade.

“Memória Política” is a Web application that processes and presents information taken from the web pages of political parties represented in the Portuguese Parliament, archived by Arquivo.pt.

For example, it allows you to search for the term “democracy” and obtain pages from the websites of the Parties related to the search. The results can be grouped by Party and by year.

Honorable Mention granted by Público newspaper

The Público newspaper, official partner of the 6th edition of the Arquivo.pt Prize, awarded an Honourable Mention to the work “Fábrica do Jornal” (Newspaper factory), carried out by Miguel Almeida.

“Fábrica do Jornal” is a Web application that allows the user to generate a personalized newspaper from the news preserved at Arquivo.pt. The user can obtain a version that can be printed or saved in digital format.

Honorable Mention granted by AMCC – Aveiro Media Competence Center

The Aveiro Media Competence Center (AMCC), awarded its Honourable Mention to the work “Imaginarium”, carried out by Diogo Sousa.

Imaginarium” is a web application that searches for images based on similarities with other images.

For example, after suggesting an image of a car, “Imaginarium” searches for images in Arquivo.pt that have some affinity with the suggested image.

Flash interview – AMCC Executive Director

Award cerimony

The awards ceremony took place at the closing session of the Science 2023 Meeting, at the University of Aveiro, on 7 July 2023.

The awards were presented by the Minister of Science, Technology and Higher Education, Elvira Fortunato, the President of the FCT Board of Directors, Madalena Alves and the Executive Director of the Aveiro Media Competence Centre, João Moraes Palmeiro.

Image gallery

Cerimónia de Entrega Prémio Arquivo.pt 2023

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Flash enterviews

Video of the cerimony

Dissemination materials

Press

Short link to this page: arquivo.pt/winners2023

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Arquivo.pt presentations at IIPC GA/WAC, RESAW 2023 and CLEOPATRA

Last updated on March 10th, 2024 at 05:23 pm

Meeting the Web Archive Community

The International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC), a consortium that brings together Web preservation initiatives from around the world, held its General Assembly with its members on May 10, 2023.

On the following days, May 11 and 12, the IIPC Web Archiving Conference (IIPC WAC) was held, an initiative open to the community, where people or entities not associated with the IIPC and interested in the Web preservation domain can participate.

The two events were jointly hosted by KB – National Library of the Netherlands, and by Beeld & Geluid – Netherlands Institute for Sound & Vision.

Contributions from the Arquivo.pt at the Web Archiving Conference

Arquivo.pt participated in the IIPC working group meetings (Training Working Group and Curators Working Group) and contributed with presentations in the thematic sessions Collaborations & Outreach and Program infrastructure (sessions 7 and 17).

  • Arquivo.pt updates 2023 (slides)
  • Linking web archiving with arts and humanities: the collaboration between ROSSIO and Arquivo.pt (video, slides)
  • Arquivo.pt behind the curtains (slides)

Meeting the RESAW research community

RESAW (Research Infrastructure for the Study of Archived Web Materials) is an initiative created in 2012 with the aim of promoting studies based on archived Web content, in areas such as Social Sciences, Digital Arts and Humanities.

The RESAW 2023 conference was held at the MUCEM Lab (Mediterranean Institute of Heritage Crafts) in Marseille on June 5-6, 2023, under the theme Exploring the Archived Web During a Highly Transformative Age.

Contributions from Arquivo.pt to RESAW 2023

Arquivo.pt contributed with presentations to the sessions Web Archive in Mediterranean area and its merge (4.A), From online Tools to Web Archive (6.B.), Towards a participatory approach to collections (9. A.), Digging up the materials for writing web history (9.B.).

  • How to research governmental web data? (abstract, slides)
  • Archiving Cryptocurrencies (abstract, slides)
  • Time to explore, time to learn from the archived web: Arquivo.pt training initiative (abstract, slides)
  • Exhibiting Web Memories from Arquivo.pt: a call for community participation (abstract, slides)

CLEOPATRA Project Meeting

The CLEOPATRA Project, led by the L3S Research Center at the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hannover, has developed since 2019 a training programme for doctoral researchers (Early Stage Researcher, PhD).

Arquivo.pt has participated in three courses: Incentives design for hybrid multilingual information processing and analytics, in Southampton; National and transnational media coverage of European parliamentary elections, 2004-2014, London; and NLP for under-resourced languages, in Zagreb, Croatia.

In 2022, the Arquivo.pt welcomed two researchers in its facilities who used the archived resources and received special support from the Arquivo.pt team to develop their research.

The CLEOPATRA Project ended in 2023 with a meeting on the 16th May, in Hannover, which brought together Professors, Researchers and representatives of the institutions involved.

Daniel Gomes, Arquivo.pt’s Manager, highlighted the new tools that Arquivo.pt makes available and the results of the work carried out by the researchers that have passed through Arquivo.pt.